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Project Title: |
Oceanic Response to a Coastal Polynya, Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica |
Project Status: |
Submitted |
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Principal Investigator: |
Christopher J. Zappa, LDEO |
Project Institution: |
LDEO |
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Project ID: |
103891 |
Version #: |
1 |
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Date Submitted: |
4/15/2013 3:45:00 PM |
Created By: |
Christopher J. Zappa |
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Date Last Modified: |
8/22/2014 12:12:00 PM |
URI Serial #: |
None |
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Funding Agencies: |
NSF/OPP/ANT - 1341688 - Funded |
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Summary of Field Work: |
We request the R/V N.B. Palmer for the deployment of two moorings in Terra Nova Bay in January-February 2015 and for the mooring retrieval in January-February 2016, as well as to perform regional CTDs in the austral summers of 2014/15 and 2015/16. The R/V Palmer is optimally equipped for these activities and we request 7 days of on-site ship time for both deployment and retrieval. We will be performing casts with the vessel's CTD/rosette system during the deployment phase at various locations in TNB to characterize the horizontal variability and as a check on the proper mooring operation.
The LDEO moorings will be instrumented with ten pumped temperature-salinity-pressure (TSP) systems with eight at depths between roughly 30m to 125m for the mooring closer to shore in 250-m of water, and between roughly 40m to 250m for the mooring further offshore in 500-m depth (Fig. 8). The combination of these moorings will capture the variable migration of the pycnocline during the year, the formation of the HSSW pulses in the near-surface layer in response to the polynya. The final two TSP systems at 175m and 225m for the shallower mooring, and at 350m and 475m for the deeper mooring, will record the deepening of the HSSW during the late-fall/early-winter [Buffoni et al., 2002] as well as the migration of the HSSW down the slope towards the deep-water CLIMA mooring. The actual depths will be determined using the most recent season data from the CLIMA mooring.
The moorings will not have a surface expression to lessen the likelihood of iceberg hazard carrying off the mooring and to eliminate the likely riming of atmospheric boundary layer instrumentation on a surface mooring. Furthermore, the Drygalski Ice Tongue protects Terra Nova Bay from invasion from the south of large icebergs derived from the Ross Ice Shelf. The depth of the uppermost sensor system will be determined based on further analysis of iceberg activity, which is typically limited to bergy bits and growlers near shore for our planned mooring locations for 250-m and 500-m depths. Furthermore, there is little concern for frazil ice to penetrate deeper than 20-m.
Each mooring will also contain an upward-looking Sentinel 300 kHz Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP; acquired in Permanent Equipment), at 30 and 40 m for the purpose of measuring surface waves and currents. The measurements will examine the dynamical responses within the mixed layer to atmospheric forcing, including the downward flows related to Langmuir circulation as well as the wave-current interaction necessary for their existence. Each mooring will also contain a downward-looking Quartermaster 150 kHz (shallow; acquired in Permanent Equipment) or Long Ranger 75 kHz (deeper; existing LDEO facility) ADCP will also be used for following the pathways of the formation of the HSSW between the two moorings. The combination of these ADCPs will allow for full water-column currents. In combination with AWS and remote sensing observations, the high vertical resolution capability of the proposed mooring directly addresses the ocean processes and ocean-ice-atmosphere interaction science questions listed in Section C.4. The year-long deployment of the mooring will also allow us to address the oceanographic science questions related to variability in the mixed layer.
Each mooring will support multiple 2-MHz Aquadopp HR profilers (2 existing in LDEO facility; 2 acquired in Permanent Equipment), which measure along-beam velocity over a 1-2 m profile with 1.7-2.6 cm bins. Two instruments will be mounted to the existing subsurface boom mounting structure at approximately 2-3 m depth to determine near surface turbulence, relative currents and bubble characteristics. We will also mount a Nortek Aquadopp HR at 4-5m depth. This will allow for determining the wave-number spectra for velocity which allows for the estimation of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate (see 3.1.4). Vertically-oriented beams will provide depth-integrated estimates of e and horizontally-oriented beams will provide discrete depth estimates of e. A profile will be sampled at 2 Hz for roughly 10 minutes every 20 minutes. |
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Summary of Facility Requirements: |
We request the R/V N.B. Palmer for the deployment of the moorings in Terra Nova Bay in January-February 2015 and for the mooring retrieval in January-February 2016, as well as to perform regional CTDs in the austral summers of 2014/15 and 2015/16. The R/V Palmer is optimally equipped for these activities and we request 7 days of on-site ship time for both deployment and retrieval. We will be performing casts with the vessel's CTD/rosette system during the deployment phase at various locations in TNB to characterize the horizontal variability and as a check on the proper mooring operation. We anticipate needing two personnel from Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory to assist in the deployment of the moorings. We would work with the deck crew and bosun to determine the best mode of deployment and retrieval. These personnel are well-versed in the software and instrumentation of the mooring and will be able to troubleshoot any problems. One of the personnel is required to lead the fabrication and installation of the mooring hardware itself. |
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Summary of other requirements and comments: |
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Type of Request: |
Ancillary |
Request Status: |
Submitted |
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Request ID: |
1006205 |
Created By: |
Christopher J. Zappa |
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Date Last Modified: |
4/15/2013 3:45:00 PM |
Date Submitted: |
4/15/2013 3:45:00 PM |
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Year: |
2016
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Ship/Facility: |
Nathaniel B. Palmer
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Optimum Start Date:
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1/15/2016 |
Dates to Avoid: |
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Earliest Start Date: |
1/1/2016 |
Multi-Ship Op: |
No |
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Latest Start Date: |
2/28/2016 |
Other Ship(s): |
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Operating Days Needed: |
Science Days |
Mob Days |
De-Mob Days |
Estimated Transit Days |
Total Days |
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7 |
2 |
2 |
12 |
23 |
Repeating Cruise?
(within same year) |
No |
Interval: |
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# of Cruises: |
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Description of Repeating cruise requirements: |
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Justification/Explanation for ship choice, dates,
conflicts, number of days & multi-ship operations: |
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Short Description of Op Area
for use in schedules: |
Terra Nova Bay |
| Description of Op Area: |
Terra Nova Bay is a in the Western Ross Sea |
| Op Area Size/Dia.: |
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Lat/Long |
Marsden Grid |
Navy Op Area |
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Beginning
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75° 0' S
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164° 30' E
map
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Ending
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75° 0' S
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164° 30' E
map
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Show Degrees Minutes |
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Foreign Clearance Required? |
No |
Coastal States:
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 Important Info on Foreign Research Clearances
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Are you or any member in your science party bringing in any science equipment items which are regulated for export by the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) and/or the Export Administration Regulations (EAR)?
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No |
If yes, have you applied for the necessary permits through your export control office?
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No |
| Questions about ITAR/EAR regulations?
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Comments about foreign clearance requirements or
description of any other special permitting requirements
(e.g., MMPA, ESA, IHA, Marine Sanctuaries, etc.) |
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Requested Start Port |
Intermediate Port(s) |
Requested End Port |
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Port Lyttelton, New Zealand |
None |
Port Lyttelton, New Zealand |
Explanation/justification for requested
ports and dates of intermediate stops
or to list additional port stops |
Willing to go to McMurdo, but Port Lyttelton looked to be the closest port. |
Important Info on Working in Foreign Ports
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Chief Scientist: |
Christopher J. Zappa, LDEO |
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# in Science Party |
6 |
# of different science teams |
1 |
# Marine Technicians to be
provided by ship operator:
(include in science party total)
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4 |
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Explanation of Science Party Requirements and Technician Requirements |
Two scientists from Lamont will sail. We will need at least 4 deck hands to retrieve the moorings. |
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 Dynamic Positioning | ADCP | Multibeam | Seismic |
| Dredging/Coring/Large Dia. Trawl Wire | Stern A-frame | Fiber Optic (.681) | 0.680 Coax Wire |
| SCUBA Diving | Radioisotope use - briefly describe | NO Radioisotope use/Natural level work | Other Operator Provided Inst. - Describe |
| 0 PI-Provided Vans - briefly describe | MOCNESS | | |
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Explain Instrumentation or Capability
requirements that could affect choice
of ship in scheduling. |
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Explain Major Ancillary Facilities
Requirements and list description
and provider for "other" systems. |
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